Figure Index
Every figure from every lecture, with its caption, in lecture order.
4 figures from 1 lectures.
Lecture 3: Homeostasis, Hormesis and the Acute Response to Exercise
Cardiorespiratory response to the maximal incremental step test, with mass-related oxygen uptake. Top strip: external work rate. Phases are A1 baseline rest, B step test (red) and A2 passive recovery; vertical hairlines mark the two transitions. (A) Heart rate, beat-to-beat recording averaged in 10-s bins, rising from 51 to 187 bpm. (B) Ventilation (V̇E), rising from about 6 l·min⁻¹ at rest to 122.8 l·min⁻¹ at the end of the final stage, with a peak of 127.8 l·min⁻¹ ten seconds after load offset. (C) Mass-related oxygen uptake in ml·min⁻¹·kg⁻¹. All three series are 10-s averages.
Cardiorespiratory response to the maximal incremental step test, with mass-related oxygen uptake. Top strip: external work rate. Phases are A1 baseline rest, B step test (red) and A2 passive recovery; vertical hairlines mark the two transitions. (A) Heart rate, beat-to-beat recording averaged in 10-s bins, rising from 51 to 187 bpm. (B) Ventilation (V̇E), rising from about 6 l·min⁻¹ at rest to 122.8 l·min⁻¹ at the end of the final stage, with a peak of 127.8 l·min⁻¹ ten seconds after load offset. (C) Mass-related oxygen uptake in ml·min⁻¹·kg⁻¹. All three series are 10-s averages.
Beat-to-beat cardiac autonomic response across the ABA protocol. Phases are A1 baseline rest (5.0 min, 293 beats), B CPET (15.5 min, 2059 beats, red) and A2 recovery (10.1 min, 1070 beats). (A) Beat-to-beat RR interval (n = 3422): mean RR falls from 1029 ms at rest to 452 ms under load, with a minimum of 316 ms at exhaustion. (B) Heart rate, the same recording in 10-s bins. (C) Successive RR differences (ΔRR): scatter collapses from ±330 ms at rest to a near-flat band — RMSSD 102 ms in A1, 16.9 ms across B, 2.6 ms over the final five minutes of loading — and the large excursions return within the first minutes of A2. (D) RSA amplitude in a respiration-guided band f_R ± 0.125 Hz, 60-s windows stepped by 5 s, logarithmic axis; because breathing frequency rises from 0.22 to 0.98 Hz, the classic 0.15–0.40 Hz band would miss the respiratory peak from 150 W onward.
Beat-to-beat cardiac autonomic response across the ABA protocol. Phases are A1 baseline rest (5.0 min, 293 beats), B CPET (15.5 min, 2059 beats, red) and A2 recovery (10.1 min, 1070 beats). (A) Beat-to-beat RR interval (n = 3422): mean RR falls from 1029 ms at rest to 452 ms under load, with a minimum of 316 ms at exhaustion. (B) Heart rate, the same recording in 10-s bins. (C) Successive RR differences (ΔRR): scatter collapses from ±330 ms at rest to a near-flat band — RMSSD 102 ms in A1, 16.9 ms across B, 2.6 ms over the final five minutes of loading — and the large excursions return within the first minutes of A2. (D) RSA amplitude in a respiration-guided band f_R ± 0.125 Hz, 60-s windows stepped by 5 s, logarithmic axis; because breathing frequency rises from 0.22 to 0.98 Hz, the classic 0.15–0.40 Hz band would miss the respiratory peak from 150 W onward.
Breathing frequency across the maximal incremental step test. Top strip: external work rate. Lactate-based reference loads: aerobic threshold 117 W, individual anaerobic threshold 145 W. Phases are A1 baseline rest, B step test (red) and A2 passive recovery. Breathing frequency (fb) as 10-s averages from the metabolic cart, 196 samples.
Breathing frequency across the maximal incremental step test. Top strip: external work rate. Lactate-based reference loads: aerobic threshold 117 W, individual anaerobic threshold 145 W. Phases are A1 baseline rest, B step test (red) and A2 passive recovery. Breathing frequency (fb) as 10-s averages from the metabolic cart, 196 samples.
Mass-related oxygen uptake and respiratory exchange ratio across the maximal incremental step test. Lactate-based reference loads: aerobic threshold 117 W, individual anaerobic threshold 145 W. Both series are 10-s averages, 196 samples. (A) V̇O₂ per body mass (69 kg) in ml·min⁻¹·kg⁻¹, rising from 2.8 at rest to a peak of 40.7 in the first recovery sample. (B) Respiratory exchange ratio, with a hairline at 1.00.
Mass-related oxygen uptake and respiratory exchange ratio across the maximal incremental step test. Lactate-based reference loads: aerobic threshold 117 W, individual anaerobic threshold 145 W. Both series are 10-s averages, 196 samples. (A) V̇O₂ per body mass (69 kg) in ml·min⁻¹·kg⁻¹, rising from 2.8 at rest to a peak of 40.7 in the first recovery sample. (B) Respiratory exchange ratio, with a hairline at 1.00.